Recent Changes

Index to Recent Nomenclatural Changes

This Index provides a list of scientific names that have been replaced in recent years by other names.  Most of the time, name changes are due to new research (for example, moving species into a new genus or combining 2 or more genera), or to literature searches that identify an earlier validly published name that had been 'forgotten' or overlooked in the past.  In the rules of botanical nomenclature, the first validly published name is the accepted name, so later names (even if they are more widely known) are listed as synonyms of the original name.  Depending on the age of the book, many popular field guides and botanical references contain older names; this list will assist the reader in finding current names to species in Newfoundland and Labrador.  Out-dated names (synonyms) are listed first, followed by the current name used in the Checklist of the Flora of Newfoundland and Labrador.  Additional synonyms are included in the Checklist under the appropriate species name.

A
  
Achillea lanulosa – see Achillea borealis (woolly yarrow)
Achillea millefolium subsp. borealis – see Achillea borealis (woolly yarrow)
Adiantum pedatum subsp. aleuticum – see Adiantum aleuticum (Aleutian maidenhair fern)
Agropyron repens – see Elymus repens (quackgrass)
Agropyron trachycaulon – see Elymus trachycaulus (slender wildrye)
Agropyron violaceum – see Elymus violaceus (violet wheatgrass)
Agrostis hyemalis in Nfld. – see Agrostis scabra (rough bentgrass)
Alnus crispa – see Alnus alnobetula subsp. crispa (mountain alder, green alder)
Alnus viridis subsp. crispa – see Alnus alnobetula subsp. crispa (mountain alder, green alder)
Alnus rugosa – see Alnus incana subsp. rugosa (speckled alder)
Amelanchier stolonifera – see Amelanchier spicata (running chuckleypear)
Amerorchis rotundifolia – see Galearis rotundifolia (small roundleaf orchid)
Ammophila breviligulata – see Calamagrostis breviligulata (dunegrass)
Andromeda glaucophylla – see Andromeda polifolia var. latifolia (glaucous bog rosemary)
Anemone canadensis – see Anemonastrum canadense (Canada anemone) 
Anemone richardsonii – see Anemonastrum richardsonii (Richardson's anemone)
Anemone riparia – see Anemone virginiana var. alba (riverbank anemone)
Angelica laurentiana – see Angelica atropurpurea (purplestem angelica) 
Antennaria eucosma – see Antennaria pulcherrima subsp. eucosma (Newfoundland pussytoes)
Anthemis tinctoria – see Cota tinctoria (dyer's chamomile)
Arabis arenicola – see Arabidopsis arenicola (arctic rockcress)
Arabis arenosa – see Arabidopsis arenosa (sand rockcress)
Arabis drummondii – see Boechera stricta (Drummond's rockcress)
Arabis thaliana – see Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress)
Arctostaphylos alpina – see Arctous alpina (alpine bearberry)
Arctostaphylos rubra – see Arctous rubra (red bearberry)
Argentina anserina – see Potentilla anserina subsp. anserina (silverweed)

Argentina egedei – see Potentilla anserina subsp. groenlandica (Greenland silverweed)
Argentina egedei subsp. pacifica – see Potentilla anserina subsp. pacifica (Pacific silverweed)
Armeria labradorica – see Armeria maritima subsp. sibirica (Labrador sea thrift)  
Arnica chionopappa – see Arnica lonchophylla (longleaf arnica)
Aronia floribunda – see Aronia ×prunifolia (purple chokeberry)
Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum – see Asplenium viride (green spleenwort)
Aster acuminatus – see Oclemena acuminata (whorled wood aster)
Aster ciliolatus – see Symphyotrichum ciliolatum (Lindley's aster)
Aster foliaceus var. subgeminatus – see Symphyotrichum ×subgeminatum (two-headed aster)
Aster lanceolatus – see Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (white panicled aster)
Aster nemoralis – see Oclemena nemoralis (bog aster)
Aster novi-belgii – see Symphyotrichum novi-belgii (New York aster)
Aster puniceus – see Symphyotrichum puniceum (purplestem aster)
Aster radula – see Eurybia radula (low rough aster)
Aster tradescantii – see Symphyotrichum tradescantii (Tradescant's aster)
Aster umbellatus – see Doellingeria umbellata (flattop white aster)
Astragalus brunetianus – see Astragalus alpinus var. brunetianus (alpine milkvetch) 
Astragalus stragalus – see Astragalus bodinii (Bodin's milkvetch) 
Astragalus robbinsii var. fernaldii – see Astragalus eucosmus (elegant milkvetch) 
Athyrium alpestre – see Athyrium distentifolium var. americanum (American alpine lady fern)
Atriplex praecox – see Atriplex nudicaulis (Baltic saltbush)
Atriplex subspicata – see Atriplex dioica (saline saltbush)

B
  
Bartonia iodandra – see Bartonia paniculata subsp. iodandra (twining screwstem)
Betula lutea – see Betula alleghaniensis (yellow birch)
Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia – see Betula cordifolia (heartleaf birch) 
Betula ×sandbergii var. fernaldii – see Betula ×borggreveana (Borggreve's birch)
Betula saxophila – see Betula minor (dwarf white birch)
Botrychium multifidum – see Sceptridium multifidum (leathery grapefern)
Botrychium virginianum – see Botrypus virginianus (rattlesnake fern)

C
  
Calamagrostis inexpansa – see Calamagrostis stricta subsp. inexpansa (northern reedgrass)
Calamagrostis neglecta – see Calamagrostis stricta subsp. stricta (slimstem reedgrass)
Callitriche anceps – see Callitriche palustris (spring water-starwort)
Callitriche autumnalis – see Callitriche hermaphroditica (northern water-starwort)
Callitriche verna – see Callitriche palustris (spring water-starwort)
Calopogon pulchella – see Calopogon tuberosus (grass pink)
Campanula rotundifolia – see Campanula gieseckeana (Newfoundland harebell) 
Cardamine nymanii – see Cardamine polemonioides (Nyman's bittercress)
Cardamine pratensis var. angustifolia – see Cardamine polemonioides (Nyman's bittercress)
Carex acuta auct.  – see Carex nigra (smooth black sedge) 
Carex aenea – see Carex foenea (bronze sedge) 
Carex alpina Lilj. – see Carex norvegica (Norway sedge)
Carex angustior – see Carex echinata (star sedge) 
Carex bipartita – see Carex simpliciuscula (simple kobresia)
Carex cephalantha – see Carex echinata (star sedge) 
Carex crinita var. gynandra – see Carex gynandra (nodding sedge) 
Carex houghtonii – see Carex houghtoniana (Houghton's sedge) 
Carex incurva - see Carex maritima (seaside sedge)
Carex lagopina – see Carex lachenalii (Lachenal's sedge) 
Carex lanuginosa – see Carex lasiocarpa subsp. americana (woollyfruit sedge) 
Carex lanuginosa auct. – see Carex pellita (woolly sedge) 
Carex norvegica Willd. ex Schkuhr – see Carex mackenziei (Mackenzie's sedge) 
Carex leporina auct. – see Carex ovalis (oval sedge)
Carex misandroides - see Carex petricosa var. misandroides (rock-dwelling sedge)
Carex paupercula – see Carex magellanica subsp. irrigua (boreal bog sedge)
Carex stellulata – see Carex echinata (star sedge) 
Carex trisperma var. billingsii – see Carex billingsii (Billings' sedge) 
Carex rostrata var. utriculata – see Carex utriculata (northern beaked sedge)
Cassiope hypnoides – see Harrimanella hypnoides (moss heather)
Castilleja pallida var. septentrionalis – see Castilleja septentrionalis (northeastern paintbrush)
Centaurea cyanus – see Cyanus segetum (bachelor's button)
Centaurea montana – see Cyanus montanus (mountain cornflower)
Cerastium beeringianum subsp. terrae-novae – see Cerastium terrae-novae (Newfoundland chickweed)
Cerastium lanatum – see Cerastium alpinum subsp. lanatum (woolly alpine chickweed)
Cerastium nigrescens subsp. arcticum – see Cerastium arcticum (arctic chickweed)
Cerastium vulgatum L. 1762 – see Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare (common mouse-ear chickweed)
Cerastium vulgatum L. 1755 – see Cerastium glomeratum (sticky chickweed)
Chenopodium glaucum – see Oxybasis glauca (oakleaf goosefoot)
Chrysanthemum vulgare – see Leucanthemum vulgare (oxeye daisy)
Cochlearia cyclocarpa – see Cochlearia tridactylites (limestone scurvygrass)
Cochlearia officinalis auct. – see Cochlearia groenlandica (Greenland scurvygrass)
Coelopleurum lucidum – see Angelica lucida (seabeach angelica)
Comandra richardsiana – see Comandra umbellata (bastard toadflax)
Comandra livida – see Geocaulon lividum (northern comandra)
Colpodium latifolium – see Arctagrostis latifolia (polargrass)
Convolvulus sepium – see Calystegia sepium (hedge false bindweed)
Convolvulus sepium var. americanum – see Calystegia sepium subsp. americana (American bindweed)
Conioselinum pumilum – see Conioselinum chinense (hemlock parsley)
Conyza canadensis – see Erigeron canadensis (Canada horseweed)
Coptis groenlandica – see Coptis trifolia (goldthread)
Cornus ×intermedia – see Cornus ×lepagei (Lepage's bunchberry)
Cornus stolonifera – see Cornus sericea (red-osier dogwood) 
Coronilla varia – see Securigera varia (purple crownvetch)
Coronopus didymus – see Lepidium didymum (lesser swinecress)
Corydalis sempervirens – see Capnoides sempervirens (pink corydalis)
Crepis nana – see Askellia pygmaea (dwarf hawksbeard)
Cynoglossum boreale – see Andersonglossum boreale (northern wild comfrey)
Cynoglossum virginianum subsp. boreale – see Andersonglossum boreale (northern wild comfrey)
Cypripedium planipetalum – see Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (large yellow ladyslipper) 

D
  
Dactylorhiza viridis – see Coeloglossum viride (frog orchid)
Deschampsia atropurpurea – see Vahlodea atropurpurea (mountain hairgrass)
Deschampsia flexuosa – see Avenella flexuosa (wavy hairgrass)
Dryopteris disjuncta sensu Fernald – see Gymnocarpium dryopteris (common oak fern)
Dryopteris phegopteris – see Phegopteris connectilis (northern beech fern)
Dryopteris robertianum – see Gymnocarpium robertianum (limestone oak fern)
Dryopteris spinulosa – see Dryopteris carthusiana (spinulose woodfern)
Dryopteris spinulosa var. americana – see Dryopteris campyloptera (mountain woodfern)
Dryopteris spinulosa var. dilatata auct. – see Dryopteris expansa (spreading woodfern)
Dryopteris spinulosa var. intermedia – see Dryopteris intermedia (evergreen woodfern)

E
  
Elymus jejunus – see Elymus virginicus (Virginia wildrye)
Elymus mollis – see Leymus mollis (strand wheat)
Empetrum hermaphroditum – see Empetrum nigrum subsp. hermaphroditum (black crowberry)
Epilobium angustifolium – see Chamaenerion angustifolium (fireweed) 
Epilobium glandulosum – see Epilobium ciliatum subsp. glandulosum (glandular willowherb)
Epilobium latifolium – see Chamaenerion latifolium (river beauty) 
Epilobium scalare – see Epilobium saximontanum (Rocky Mountain willowherb)
Erigeron eriocephalus – see Erigeron uniflorus var. eriocephalus (oneflower fleabane)
Erigeron kamtschaticus – see Erigeron acris var. kamtschaticus (Kamtschatka fleabane)
Erigeron strigosus var. septentrionalis – see Erigeron annuus (annual fleabane)
Eriocaulon septangulare – see Eriocaulon aquaticum (white buttons)
Eriophorum opacum – see Eriophorum brachyantherum (closed-sheath cottongrass) 
Eriophorum chamissonis in NL – see Eriophorum russeolum (russet cottongrass) 
Eriophorum spissum – see Eriophorum vaginatum subsp. spissum (hare's tail)
Erysimum inconspicuum var. coarctatum – see Erysimum coarctatum (crowded wormseed mustard)
Eupatorium maculatum – see Eutrochium maculatum (spotted Joe-Pye weed)
Euphrasia arctica auct. – see Euphrasia wettsteinii (Wettstein's eyebright)
Euphrasia arctica sensu Fernald – see Euphrasia suborbicularis (roundleaf eyebright)
Euphrasia disjuncta auct. – see Euphrasia suborbicularis (roundleaf eyebright)
Euphrasia latifolia auct. – see Euphrasia frigida (arctic eyebright)
Euphrasia officinalis – see Euphrasia nemorosa (common eyebright)
Euphrasia randii var. farlowii – see Euphrasia farlowii (Farlow's eyebright)
Euphrasia williamsii – see Euphrasia oakesii var. williamsii (Williams' eyebright)

F
  
Fallopia ×bohemica – see Reynoutria ×bohemica (Bohemian knotweed) 
Fallopia japonica – see Reynoutria japonica (Japanese knotweed) 
Fallopia sachalinensis – see Reynoutria sachalinensis (giant knotweed) 
Festuca capillata – see Festuca filiformis (shortleaf fescue)
Festuca ovina auct. – see Festuca brachyphylla (shortleaf fescue)
Festuca richardsonii – see Festuca rubra subsp. arctica (Richardson's fescue)
Festuca rubra var. prolifera – see Festuca prolifera (proliferous fescue)
Festuca tenuifolia – see Festuca filiformis (shortleaf fescue)
Festuca vivipara var. hirsuta – see Festuca frederikseniae (Fredericksen's fescue)

G
  
Galeopsis tetrahit var. bifida – see Galeopsis bifida (split-lip hemp-nettle)
Gentiana amarella var. acuta – see Gentianella amarella subsp. acuta (northern gentian)
Gentiana propinqua – see Gentianella propinqua (fourpart gentian)
Gentiana nesophila – see Gentianopsis detonsa subsp. nesophila (island gentian) 
Glyceria nervata – see Glyceria striata var. striata (fowl mannagrass)
Gnaphalium norvegicum – see Omalotheca norvegica (Norwegian cudweed)
Gnaphalium supinum – see Omalotheca supina (alpine cudweed)
Gnaphalium sylvaticum – see Omalotheca sylvatica (woodland cudweed)
Gratiola aurea – see Gratiola lutea (golden hedge-hyssop)
Gymnocarpium jessoense subsp. parvulum – see Gymnocarpium continentale (Nahanni oak fern)

H 
  
Habenaria ×andrewsii – see Platanthera ×andrewsii (Andrew's fringed orchid)
Habenaria blephariglottis – see Platanthera blephariglottis (white fringed orchid)
Habenaria clavellata – see Platanthera clavellata (clubspur orchid)
Habenaria dilatata – see Platanthera dilatata (scentbottle, tall white bog orchid)
Habenaria foetida – see Platanthera unalascensis (Alaskan rein orchid)
Habenaria grandiflora – see Platanthera grandiflora (large purple fringed orchid)
Habenaria hookeri – see Platanthera hookeri (Hooker's orchid)
Habenaria huronensis – see Platanthera huronensis (Lake Huron green orchid)
Habenaria hyperborea auct. – see Platanthera aquilonis (northern green orchid)
Habenaria hyperborea L. – see Platanthera hyperborea (leafy northern green orchid)
Habenaria lacera – see Platanthera lacera (ragged fringed orchid)
Habenaria macrophylla – see Platanthera macrophylla (greater roundleaf orchid)
Habenaria obtusata – see Platanthera obtusata (bluntleaf orchid)
Habenaria orbiculata – see Platanthera orbiculata (lesser roundleaf orchid)
Habenaria psycodes – see Platanthera psycodes (small purple fringed orchid)
Hedysarum alpinum – see Hedysarum americanum (alpine sweetvetch)
Hedysarum mackenziei – see Hedysarum boreale subsp. mackenziei (Mackenzie's sweetvetch)
Heracleum lanatum – see Heracleum maximum (cow parsnip)
Hieracium aurantiacum – see Pilosella aurantiaca (orange hawkweed)
Hieracium caespitosum – see Pilosella caespitosa (meadow hawkweed)
Hieracium canadense – see Hieracium umbellatum (umbellate hawkweed)
Hieracium florentinum – see Pilosella piloselloides (tall hawkweed)
Hieracium ×floribundum – see Pilosella ×floribunda (pale hawkweed)
Hieracium kalmii – see Hieracium umbellatum (umbellate hawkweed)
Hieracium pilosella – see Pilosella officinarum (mouse-ear hawkweed)
Hieracium piloselloides – see Pilosella piloselloides (tall hawkweed)
Hieracium praealtum – see Pilosella piloselloides subsp. praealta (king devil hawkweed)
Hieracium vulgatum, in part – see Hieracium groenlandicum (Greenland hawkweed)
Hieracium vulgatum, in part – see Hieracium lachenalii subsp. cruentifolium (common hawkweed)
Hierochloe alpina – see Anthoxanthum monticola subsp. alpinum (alpine sweetgrass) 
Hierochloe monticola subsp. orthantha – see Anthoxanthum monticola subsp. monticola (alpine sweetgrass) 
Hierochloe odorata subsp. arctica – see Anthoxanthum hirtum (hairy sweetgrass) 
Hierochloe odorata – see Anthoxanthum nitens (sweetgrass, vanilla grass) 
Huperzia haleakalae auct. – see Huperzia continentalis (continental firmoss) 
Hutchinsia procumbens – see Hornungia procumbens (spreading hutchinsia)
Hymenolobus procumbens – see Hornungia procumbens (spreading hutchinsia)
Hypericum fraseri – see Triadenum fraseri (Fraser's marsh St. Johnswort)
Hypericum muticum var. boreale – see Hypericum boreale (northern St. Johnswort)
Hypericum punctatum in NL – see Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (spotted St. Johnswort)

I
  
Iris setosa – see Iris hookeri (Hooker's iris) 
Isoetes muricata var. braunii – see Isoetes echinospora subsp. muricata (spiny-spore quillwort)

J
  
Juncus albescens – see Juncus triglumis subsp. albescens (northern white rush)
Juncus alpinus var. americanus – see Juncus alpinoarticulatus subsp. americanus (alpine rush)
Juncus alpinus var. fuscescens – see Juncus alpinoarticulatus subsp. fuscescens (tawny alpine rush)
Juncus bufonius subsp. ranarius – see Juncus ranarius (frog rush)
Juncus effusus var. conglomeratus – see Juncus conglomeratus (compact rush)
Juncus effusus var. pylaei – see Juncus pylaei (Pylaie's soft rush)
Juncus trifidus – see Oreojuncus trifidus (highland rush)

K
  
Kobresia myosuroides – see Carex myosuroides (mousetail kobresia)
Kobresia simpliciuscula – see Carex simpliciuscula (simple kobresia)

L
  
Lathyrus maritimus – see Lathyrus japonicus (beach pea)
Ledum decumbens – see Rhododendron tomentosum (northern Labrador tea)
Ledum groenlandicum – see Rhododendron groenlandicum (Labrador tea) 
Ledum palustre var. decumbens – see Rhododendron tomentosum (northern Labrador tea)
Leontodon autumnalis – see Scorzoneroides autumnalis (autumn hawkbit)
Lesquerella purshii – see Physaria arctica (arctic bladderpod)
Limonium nashi – see Limonium carolinianum (Carolina sea lavender)
Linnaea borealis var. americana – see Linnaea borealis subsp. longiflora (twinflower)
Listera auriculata – see Neottia auriculata (auricled twayblade)
Listera borealis – see Neottia borealis (northern twayblade)
Listera convallarioides – see Neottia convallarioides (broadlip twayblade)
Listera cordata – see Neottia cordata (heartleaf twayblade)
Listera ×veltmanii – see ×Neottia veltmanii (Veltman's twayblade)
Loiseleuria procumbens – see Kalmia procumbens (alpine azalea) 
Lychnis alpina – see Viscaria alpina (alpine campion) 
Lychnis flos-cuculi – see Silene flos-cuculi (ragged robin)
Lycopodium alpinum – see Diphasiastrum alpinum (alpine clubmoss)
Lycopodium alpinum var. planiramulosum – see Diphasiastrum ×takedae (Takeda's ground-cedar)
Lycopodium appressum – see Lycopodiella appressa (southern bog-clubmoss)
Lycopodium buttersii – see Huperzia ×buttersii (Butters' firmoss) 
Lycopodium complanatum – see Diphasiastrum complanatum (northern ground-cedar)
Lycopodium dendroideum – see Dendrolycopodium dendroideum (prickly tree-clubmoss)
Lycopodium digitatum – see Diphasiastrum digitatum (southern ground-cedar)
Lycopodium flabelliforme – see Diphasiastrum digitatum (southern ground-cedar)
Lycopodium hickeyi – see Dendrolycopodium hickeyi (Hickey's tree-clubmoss)
Lycopodium inundatum – see Lycopodiella inundata (northern bog-clubmoss)
Lycopodium lucidulum – see Huperzia lucidula (shining firmoss) 
Lycopodium miyoshianum – see Huperzia miyoshiana (Pacific firmoss) 
Lycopodium obscurum var. isophyllum – Dendrolycopodium hickeyi (Hickey's tree-clubmoss)
Lycopodium ×sabinifolium – see Diphasiastrum ×sabinifolium (savinleaf ground-cedar)
Lycopodium selago – see Huperzia selago (northern firmoss) 
Lycopodium selago subsp. arcticum – see Huperzia arctica (arctic firmoss) 
Lycopodium selago var. appressum – see Huperzia appressa (mountain firmoss) 
Lycopodium sitchense – see Diphasiastrum sitchense (Sitka ground-cedar)
Lycopodium tristachyum – see Diphasiastrum tristachyum (blue ground-cedar)
Lycopodium ×zeilleri – see Diphasiastrum ×zeilleri (Zeiller's ground-cedar)
Lysimachia borealis – see Trientalis borealis (starflower)
Lysimachia maritima – see Glaux maritima (sea milkwort)

M
  
Malaxis brachypoda – see Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda (white addersmouth)
Malus communis – see Malus pumila (common apple)
Malus domestica – see Malus pumila (common apple)
Matricaria inodora – see Tripleurospermum inodorum (scentless chamomile)
Matricaria maritima – see Tripleurospermum maritimum (seaside chamomile)
Matricaria matricarioides – see Matricaria discoidea (pineappleweed)
Matricaria recutita – see Matricaria chamomilla (wild chamomile)
Mentha arvensis var. borealis – see Mentha canadensis (Canada mint)
Mimulus moschatus – see Erythranthe moschata (muskflower)
Minuartia biflora – see Cherleria biflora (mountain sandwort) 
Minuartia dawsonensis – see Sabulina dawsonensis (Dawson sandwort) 
Minuartia groenlandica – see Mononeuria groenlandica (Greenland sandwort) 
Minuartia marcescens – see Cherleria marcescens (serpentine sandwort, dryleaf sandwort) 
Minuartia rubella – see Sabulina rubella (reddish sandwort) 
Minuartia stricta – see Sabulina stricta (bog sandwort) 
Monotropa hypopitys – see Hypopitys monotropa (pinesap) 
Myrica pensylvanica – see Morella pensylvanica (northern bayberry)

N
  
Nemopanthus mucronatus – see Ilex mucronata (mountain holly) 
Neoturularia humilis – see Braya humilis (low northern rockcress)

O
  
Odontites verna subsp. serotina – see Odontites vulgaris (red bartsia)
Orobanche unifora – see Aphyllon uniflorum (naked broomrape)
Oryzopsis canadensis – see Piptatheropsis canadensis (Canada ricegrass)
Oryzopsis pungens – see Piptatheropsis pungens (slender ricegrass)
Osmorhiza chilensis – see Osmorhiza berteroi (mountain sweet cicely)
Osmorhiza obtusa – see Osmorhiza depauperata (blunt sweet cicely)
Osmunda cinnamomea – see Osmundastrum cinnamomeum (cinnamon fern) 
Osmunda claytoniana – see Claytosmunda claytoniana (interrupted fern) 
Oxalis acetosella subsp. montana – see Oxalis montana (mountain woodsorrel)
Oxytropis johannensis – see Oxytropis campestris var. johannensis (St. John River oxytrope)
Oxytropis terrae-novae – see Oxytropis campestris var. minor (Newfoundland oxytrope)

P-Q
  
Packera cymbalaria – see Packera heterophylla (dwarf arctic groundsel)
Panicum acuminatum var. fasciculatum – see Dichanthelium lanuginosum (woolly panicgrass)
Panicum boreale – see Dichanthelium boreale (northern panicgrass)
Papaver nudicaule auct. – see Papaver croceum (ice poppy)
Papaver radicatum – see Papaver labradoricum (Labrador poppy)
Petasites palmatus – see Petasites frigidus var. palmatus (palmate sweet coltsfoot)  
Petasites sagittatus – see Petasites frigidus var. sagittatus (arrowleaf sweet coltsfoot)  
Petasites vitifolius – see Petasites frigidus var. ×vitifolius (vineleaf sweet coltsfoot)  
Photinia floribunda – see Aronia ×prunifolia (purple chokeberry)
Photinia melanocarpa – see Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry)
Piperia unalascensis – see Platanthera unalascensis (Alaskan rein orchid)
Plantago juncoides – see Plantago maritima (seaside plantain)
Poa eminens – see Arctopoa eminens (eminent bluegrass)
Polygala pauciflora – see Polygaloides pauciflora (fringed milkwort)
Polygonum amphibium – see Persicaria amphibia (water smartweed)
Polygonum arenastrum – see Polygonum aviculare subsp. depressum (ovalleaf knotweed)
Polygonum boreale – see Polygonum aviculare subsp. boreale (boreal knotweed)
Polygonum buxiforme – see Polygonum aviculare subsp. buxiforme (box knotweed)
Polygonum cilinodis – see Fallopia cilinodis (fringed black bindweed)
Polygonum convolvulus – see Fallopia convolvulus (Eurasian black bindweed)
Polygonum fagopyrum – see Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat)
Polygonum hudsonianum – see Polygonum fowleri subsp. hudsonianum (Hudson Bay knotweed)
Polygonum hydropiper – see Persicaria hydropiper (marsh waterpepper)
Polygonum lapathifolium – see Persicaria lapathifolia (pale smartweed)
Polygonum neglectum – see Polygonum aviculare subsp. neglectum (narrowleaf knotweed)
Polygonum persicaria – see Persicaria maculosa (spotted lady's-thumb)
Polygonum pensylvanicum – see Persicaria pensylvanica (Pennsylvania smartweed)
Polygonum raii – see Polygonum oxyspermum subsp. raii (Ray's knotweed)
Polygonum sagittatum – see Persicaria sagittata (arrowleaf tearthumb)
Polygonum viviparum – see Bistorta vivipara (alpine bistort)
Potamogeton oblongus – see Potamogeton polygonifolius (oblongleaf pondweed)
Potamogeton pusillus subsp. tenuissimus – see Potamogeton berchtoldii (Berchtold's pondweed)
Potentilla diversifolia – see Potentilla glaucophylla (blueleaf cinquefoil)
Potentilla egedei – see Potentilla anserina subsp. groenlandica (Greenland silverweed)
Potentilla fruticosa – see Dasiphora fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil) 
Potentilla nana auct. – see Potentilla hyparctica subsp. elatior (tall arctic cinquefoil)
Potentilla neumanniana – see Potentilla crantzii (Crantz's cinquefoil)
Potentilla pacifica – see Potentilla anserina subsp. pacifica (Pacific silverweed)
Potentilla palustris – see Comarum palustre (marsh cinquefoil)
Potentilla pensylvanica var. litoralis – see Potentilla litoralis (coastal cinquefoil)
Potentilla tridentata – see Sibbaldia tridentata (threetooth cinquefoil)
Potentilla usticapensis – see Potentilla pulchella (Burnt Cape cinquefoil)
Potentilla verna – see Potentilla crantzii (Crantz's cinquefoil)
Prenanthes racemosa – see Nabalus racemosus (glaucous rattlesnakeroot)
Prenanthes trifoliolata – see Nabalus trifoliolatus (gall-of-the-earth)
Pteretis pensylvanica – see Matteuccia struthiopteris (ostrich fern)
Puccinellia coarctata – see Puccinellia nutkaensis (Nootka alkaligrass)
Puccinellia distans subsp. borealis – see Puccinellia nutkaensis (Nootka alkaligrass)
Puccinellia langeana – see Puccinellia tenella subsp. langeana (Lange's alkaligrass)
Puccinellia lucida – see Puccinellia nutkaensis (Nootka alkaligrass)
Pyrola rotundifolia var. americana – see Pyrola americana (roundleaf pyrola) 
Pyrola secunda – see Orthilia secunda (one-sided wintergreen)
Pyrola virens – see Pyrola chlorantha (greenish pyrola)

R
  
Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus, in part – see Ranunculus subrigidus (stiff water-crowfoot)
Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus, in part – see Ranunculus trichophyllus (theadleaf crowfoot)
Ranunculus cymbalaria – see Halerpestes cymbalaria (seaside crowfoot)
Ranunculus ficaria – see Ficaria verna (lesser celandine)
Ranunculus lapponicus – see Coptidium lapponicum (Lapland buttercup)
Ranunculus pallasii – see Coptidium pallasii (Pallas' buttercup)
Ranunculus pedatifidus subsp. affinis – see Ranunculus arcticus (northern buttercup)
Ranunculus reptans – see Ranunculus flammula var. reptans (creeping spearwort)
Reynoutria cilinodis – see Fallopia cilinodis (fringed black bindweed)
Reynoutria convolvulus – see Fallopia convolvulus (Eurasian black bindweed)
Rhamnus alnifolia – see Endotropis alnifolia (alderleaf buckthorn)
Rumex ×acutus – see Rumex ×pratensis (hybrid dock)
Rumex aquaticus var. fenestratus – see Rumex occidentalis (western dock)
Rumex orbiculatus – see Rumex britannica (greater water dock)
Rumex salicifolius var. mexicanus – see Rumex triangulivalvis (triangular-valve dock)

S
  
Salicornia virginica – see Salicornia depressa (perennial saltwort)
Salix glauca var. callicarpaea – see Salix glauca var. cordifolia (beautiful willow) 
Sambucus pubens – see Sambucus racemosa var. pubens (red elderberry)
Satureja vulgaris – see Clinopodium vulgare (wild basil)
Saxifraga foliolosa – see Micranthes foliolosa (leafystem saxifrage)
Saxifraga nivalis – see Micranthes nivalis (snow saxifrage)
Saxifraga stellaris – see Micranthes stellaris (starry saxifrage)
Saxifraga tenuis – see Micranthes tenuis (slender saxifrage)
Scabiosa arvensis – see Knautia arvensis (field scabious)
Scirpus acutus – see Schoenoplectus acutus (hardstem bulrush)
Scirpus atrovirens auct. – see Scirpus hattorianus (mosquito bulrush)
Scirpus cespitosus – see Trichophorum cespitosum (deergrass) 
Scirpus hudsonianus – see Trichophorum alpinum (alpine clubrush) 
Scirpus paludosus – see Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. paludosus (saltmarsh bulrush)
Scirpus pungens – see Schoenoplectus pungens (threesquare bulrush)
Scirpus rubrotinctus – see Scirpus microcarpus (red-tinged bulrush)
Scirpus rufus – see Blysmopsis rufa (red bulrush)
Scirpus subterminalis – see Schoenoplectus subterminalis (water bulrush)
Scirpus validus – see Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (softstem bulrush)
Scutellaria epilobiifolia – see Scutellaria galericulata var. pubescens (marsh skullcap)
Sedum roseum - see Rhodiola rosea (roseroot)
Sedum telephium – see Hylotelephium telephium (purple orpine)
Senecio aureus – see Packera aurea (golden groundsel)
Senecio congestus – see Tephroseris palustris (marsh groundsel)
Senecio cymbalaria – see Packera heterophylla (dwarf arctic groundsel)
Senecio indecorus – see Packera indecora (rayless mountain groundsel)
Senecio jacobaea – see Jacobaea vulgaris (tansy ragwort)
Senecio pauciflorus – see Packera pauciflora (alpine groundsel)
Senecio pauperculus – see Packera paupercula (balsam groundsel)
Sibbaldiopsis tridentata – see Sibbaldia tridentata (threetooth cinquefoil)
Sieglingia decumbens – see Danthonia decumbens (mountain heathgrass)
Silene suecica – see Viscaria alpina (alpine campion) 
Smilacina canadensis – see Maianthemum canadense (wild lily-of-the-valley)
Smilacina racemosa – see Maianthemum racemosum (feathery false Solomon's seal)
Smilacina stellata – see Maianthemum stellatum (starry false Solomon's seal)
Smilacina trifolia – see Maianthemum trifolium (threeleaf false Solomon's seal)
Solidago canadensis in NL – see Solidago fallax (bigtooth Canada goldenrod)
Solidago graminifolia – see Euthamia graminifolia (grassleaf goldenrod)
Sorbus groenlandica – see Sorbus decora (showy mountain ash)
Sparganium emersum in NL – see Sparganium acaule (stemless burreed)
Spartina alterniflora – see Sporobolus alterniflorus (smooth cordgrass)
Spartina patens – see Sporobolus pumilus (saltmeadow cordgrass)
Spartina pectinata – see Sporobolus michauxianus (freshwater cordgrass)
Spiraea latifolia – see Spiraea alba var. latifolia (broadleaf meadowsweet)
Stellaria crassipes – see Stellaria longipes (longstalk stitchwort)
Streptopus roseus – see Streptopus lanceolatus (rose twisted-stalk)

T
  
Tanacetum huronense – see Tanacetum bipinnatum subsp. huronense (Newfoundland dwarf tansy)
Taraxacum lyratum – see Taraxacum phymatocarpum (harp dandelion)
Thalictrum polygamum – see Thalictrum pubescens (tall meadowrue)
Thelypteris noveboracensis – see Parathelypteris noveboracensis (New York fern)
Thermopsis gracilis var. ovata – see Thermopsis montana var. ovata (slender golden-banner)
Tillaea aquatica – see Crassula aquatica (water pygmyweed)
Tofieldia glutinosa – see Triantha glutinosa (sticky tofieldia)
Trifolium procumbens auct. – see Trifolium dubium (small hop clover)
Trifolium procumbens L. – see Trifolium campestre (low hop clover)
Tripleurospermum inodorum – see Tripleurospermum inodorum (scentless chamomile)
Trisetum melicoides – see Graphephorum melicoides (purple false oats)

U
  
Urtica gracilis – see Urtica dioica subsp. gracilis (slender stinging nettle)
Utricularia macrorhiza – see Utricularia vulgaris subsp. macrorhiza (greater bladderwort)

V-W-X-Y-Z
  
Vaccinium oxycoccos var. microcarpus – see Vaccinium microcarpum (small bog cranberry) 
Valeriana septentrionalis – see Valeriana dioica subsp. sylvatica (northern valerian)
Veronica serpyllifolia subsp. humifusa – see Veronica serpyllifolia (thymeleaf speedwell)
Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides – see Viburnum cassinoides (northern wild raisin) 
Viburnum opulus subsp. americanum – see Viburnum trilobum (highbush cranberry) 
Viburnum opulus subsp. trilobum – see Viburnum trilobum (highbush cranberry) 
Vicia sativa subsp. nigra – see Vicia sativa var. angustifolia (narrowleaf vetch)
Viola incognita – see Viola blanda (sweet white violet) 
Viola conspersa – see Viola labradorica (Labrador violet)
Viola pallens – see Viola macloskeyi (northern white violet)
Viola septentrionalis – see Viola sororia (woolly blue violet)