Fr: épinette blanche, épinette glauque, épicéa blanc, sapin blanc
IA: minaiku, minaiku-uskhuetui (cone)
IU: napâttutuinnak,kimminguak (cones)
Provincial Status: LN
Range: Boreal NA; thr. Nfld. & Lab.
[=Pinus glauca Moench (basionym)]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. 1803, nom. illeg. hom., non Mill. 1768]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. (unranked) glauca (Moench) Dimsdale ex Knight & Perry, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. arctica (A.Murray bis) Kurz]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. caerulea J.Nelson]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. minima Knight ex Gordon]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. nana Dickson ex Loudon 1838, nom. illeg. isonym., non Jacques 1836]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. nana Jacques]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. glauca (Moench) Plumbly]
[=Abies alba (Castigl.) Michx. var. virescens (R.Hinterh. & J.Hinterh.) Nyman]
[=Abies arctica A.Murray bis 1867, nom. illeg. hom., non A.Cunn. ex Gordon 1858]
[=Abies canadensis Mill.]
[=Abies canadensis Mill. var. aurea J.Nelson]
[=Abies coerulea Lodd. ex J.Forbes]
[=Abies laxa (Münchh.) K.Koch]
[=Abies rubra J.St.-Hil. ?1809, nom. illeg. hom., non (DuRoi) Poir. 1804]
[=Abies rubra (DuRoi) Poir. var. violacea Loudon]
[=Abies virescens R.Hinterh. & J.Hinterh.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) aurea (J.Nelson) Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) coerulea (J.Nelson) Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) compacta-gracilis Breinig ex Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) compressa Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) nana Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) nana-glauca Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link (unranked) pendula (Carrière) Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link forma acutissima Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link forma chlorocarpa Henn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link forma coerulea-hudsoni Späth]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link forma conica (Rehder) Rehder]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link forma pinsapoides van der Elch ex Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link forma woerlitziensis Späth]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. albertiana (S.Br.) Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. albicans Sénécl.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. aurea (J.Nelson) Sénécl.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. aureaospicata Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. aureaovariegata Beissn.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. coerulea (J.Nelson) Carrière]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. coerulea-hendersonii Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. compressa-gracilis Breinig]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. compressa-pyramidalis P.Sm.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. echiniformis Carrière]
=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. fastigiata Carrière]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. foetida Penh.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. glauca (Moench) Sénécl.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. gracilis Sénécl.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. minima (Knight ex Gordon) Sénécl.]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. nana (Jacques) Carrière]
[=Picea alba (Castigl.) Link var. pendula Carrière]
[=Picea albertiana S.Br.]
[=Picea albertiana S.Br. subsp. ogilviei W.L.Strong & Hills]
[=Picea albertiana S.Br. var. conica (Rehder) Bean]
[=Picea albertiana S.Br. var. densata (L.H.Bailey) W.L.Strong & Hills]
[=Picea albertiana S.Br. var. porsildii (Raup) W.L.Strong & Hills]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. 1888, nom. illeg. hom., non (L.) Link 1842]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. forma parva Vict.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. albertiana (S.Br.) Rehder]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. aurea (Beissn.) Sudw.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. coerulea (J.Nelson) C.K.Schneid.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. coerulea Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. compressa (Beissn.) Sudw.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. echiniformis (Carrière.) C.K.Schneid.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. glauca (Moench) Sudw.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. globosa (Schwer.) Hornibr.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. nana (Jacques) Sudw.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) B.S.P. var. pendula (Carrière) C.K.Schneid.]
[=Picea canadensis (Mill.) Koehne 1893, nom. illeg. hom., non (L.) Link 1842]
[=Picea coerulea (Lodd. ex J.Forbes) Link]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma aurea (J.Nelson) Rehder]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma aureaospicata (Beissn.) denOuden]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma buxoides J.R.Schramm]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma caerulea (J.Nelson) Rehder]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma conica Rehder]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma glauca]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma nana (Jacques) Rehder]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma parva (Vict.) Fernald & Weath.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss forma tabuliformis Slavin]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss subsp. albertiana (S.Br.) P.A.Schmidt]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss subsp. ogilviei (W.L.Strong & Hills) Silba]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss subsp. porsildii (Raup) Silba]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. albertiana (S.Br.) Sarg.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. compacta-gracilis (Breinig ex Beissn.) Hornibr.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. compressa (Beissn.) Hornibr.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. densata L.H.Bailey]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. echiniformis (Carrière) Hornibr.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. glauca]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. globosa (Schwer.) Hornibr.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. minima (Knight ex Gordon) Hornibr.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. pendula (Carrière) Hornibr.]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. pinsapoides denOuden]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. porsildii Raup]
[=Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. procumbens F.Mey.]
[=Picea laxa (Münchh.) Sarg.]
[=Picea laxa (Münchh.) Sarg. forma aurea (J.Nelson) Voss]
[=Picea laxa (Münchh.) Sarg. forma coerulea (J.Nelson) Voss]
[=Picea tschugatskoyae Carrière, nom. inval., pro syn.]
[=Pinus abies L. var. laxa Münchh.]
[=Pinus alba Aiton 1789, nom. illeg. hom., non (Mill.) Münchh. 1770]
[=Pinus alba Aiton var. arctica (A.Murray bis) Parl.]
[=Pinus alba Aiton var. nana (Jacques) Antoine]
[=Pinus alba Aiton var. nana (Jacques) Endl. 1847, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Jacques) Antoine 1841]
[=Pinus canadensis (Mill.) Du Roi 1771, nom. illeg. hom., non L. 1763]
[=Pinus canadensis L. var. alba Castigl.]
[=Pinus coerulea Lodd. ex G.Don, nom. inval.]
[=Pinus laxa (Münchh.) Ehrh.]
[=Pinus tetragona Moench]
[=Pinus virescens Neilr., nom. inval.]
[Kews' World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP 2018) recently posted information on overlooked Pinus names by Münchh. (1770), which change the authorities, and sometimes the accepted name, of some Canadian species. For example: In Europe, Picea laxa (Munchh.) Sarg. is the accepted name for North America's white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, since the basionym Pinus laxa Munchh. (1770), predates the basionym Pinus glauca Moench (1785), of these two names. However, this change has not yet been accepted in North America. Also, the white spruce synonym Picea alba (Castigl.) Link replaces Picea alba (Aiton) Link, since the basionym Pinus canadensis var. alba Castigl. (1790) predates the name Pinus alba Aiton (1831). Some databases treat Picea albertiana S.Br. as a hybrid of Picea engelmannii × Picea glauca (Earle 2011, Govaerts 2015, USDA 2015), but this taxon is currently being treated as a synonym of Picea glauca in Canadensys, FNA, Tropicos, and GRIN. See the FNA treatment of Picea glauca for the rationale behind treating P. albertiana as a synonym of P. glauca.]